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Purchase
of Agricultural Conservation Easements
pay farmers
to protect their land from development. (PACE) programs allow
landowners to sell agricultural conservation easements to a government
agency or private conservation organization. The agency
or organization usually pays them the difference between the value
of the land for agriculture and the value of the land at its highest
and best use, which is generally residential or commercial development.
After selling an easement, the landowner retains all other rights
of ownership, including the right to farm, prevent trespass, sell,
or transfer the land to others. An agency or organization that
buys an easement does not acquire the right to build anything on the
land, but only the right and responsibility to prevent development.
Removing the development potential from farmland generally reduces
its future market value, which can help facilitate farm transfer to
the children of farmers and make the land more affordable to beginning
farmers. The reduction in market value can also reduce property
taxes and help prevent them from rising. PACE will also provide
landowners with liquid capital that can enhance the economic viability
of individual farming operations.
PACE programs have been funded in a variety of ways such as the Federal
Farmland Protect Program that provides matching funds to agencies
and local governments, state bonds, an increase in state or local
taxes, lottery funds, private donations, property tax increases,
and county reserve funds.
Pace programs have achieved a noteworthy track record during the past
two decades. Collectively state and county programs have protected
490,967 acres of farmland, investing more than $750 million in the
preservation of America's farmland.
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