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It
was the wild frontier spirit that drove Americans to settle the wilderness
and vast open spaces. These early settlers transformed the landscape
by clearing forests and draining swamps. They took advantage
of productive soils and built towns and cities near rivers and in
fertile valleys. Farming was often the basis of wealth and trade.
America's most profitable agricultural production still takes place
near population centers. More than half of the value of American
agricultural production comes from the counties in and around urban
areas just like Smith county and metropolitan Nashville here in Tennessee.
These type of areas provide 85 percent of our fresh fruits and vegetables,
79 percent of our dairy products and nearly half of our meat and grain.
Yet population growth in counties with the highest agricultural productivity
are more than twice the national average. Perhaps this
explains why the Nashville Basin has been
declared the agricultural area
in the United States.
When people move out of cities, they often do so to escape noise,
pollution, deteriorated neighborhoods and crime. However, this
leads to further decline in our city centers and often begins a process
of re-creating urban problems in the country. As suburbs close
to cities become crowded with homes, shopping centers, convenience
stores and traffic, people seek homes farther and farther out into
rural communities. This scattershot expansion creates demand
for subdivisions, public services, retail businesses and professional
jobs in areas that were once devoted to resource-based industries
such as farming. It's a misunderstanding to think of this
type of development as progress. The real price that goes with
this progress is often not thought about or understood until it's
too late.
American Farmland Trust, the nation's leading farmland conservation
group, released the study "The Costs and Risks of Scattered
Development" which was conducted by researchers at Northern
Illinois University. AFT found that despite the high assessed
values of land and houses in scattered rural developments, the costs
of providing services to these homes is often subsidized by residents
in more modest homes in the adjacent communities. The study
concludes that residential development consumes
more in public services than it pays in taxes, resulting
in higher taxes for everyone. Our farmers and land owners on the other
hand are maintaining and conserving private land which produces significant
public benefits at little or no cost to county residents or taxpayers.
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